kidney stone. Calculus of kidney
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: Presence of stag-horn renal calculus, caliceal stone with hydronephrosis, or impacted superior ureteral stone, written informed consent Exclusion criteria: More than 5 punctures, Presence of scar, previous operation, Skin infection at the surgical site, presence of blood coagulation disorders
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria:
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Number of punctures during PCNL. Timepoint: At the end of surgery. Method of measurement: observation. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Surgery complications such as hematoma. Timepoint: After surgery. Method of measurement: Sonography. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Urology and Nephrology Research Center ( UNRC), Shahid Beheshti University, M.C.( SBMU), Tehran, I.