The effect of personality traits on perceptions of people with mental illness (The effect of waiting on time perception in people with mental illness)

Status

Recruiting

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Interventional

Source

DRKS

Registry ID

DRKS00040559

Enrollment

600

Registered

2026-07-06

Start date

2025-11-01

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2026-08-03

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

schizophrenia

Interventions

Group 1: The study will recruit 100–150 participants per each of three clinical groups, plus an additional control group to replicate earlier findings. Individual sessions last a maximum of 45 minutes

Jokic et al., 2018). After this period the experimenter returns and administers standardized questionnaires on experienced waiting time, subjective time perception, and affective state during the wait

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Age

18 Years to No maximum

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: Very good written and spoken German language skills (for questionnaires and oral instructions). Legally valid, written informed consent to participate in the study.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: Adults lacking capacity to consent (= 18 years). Others (e.g., persons in closed institutions / in custody). For healthy controls: clinical and historical exclusion of comorbid neurological and psychiatric disorders. For patients (schizophrenia): belonging to ICD-10 diagnosis group F20.X. For patients (severe depression): belonging to one of ICD-10 diagnosis groups F31.3, F31.4, F31.5, or F32.X. For patients (ADHD): belonging to ICD-10 diagnosis group F90.X.

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Change in estimated duration of a waiting situation as a function of mindfulness (FMA; Walach et al., 2006), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (Patton et al., 1995), emotional state (SAM: valence, arousal; Jokic et al., 2018; Witowska et al., 2020), ADHD symptom burden (ADHS-SB; Rösler et al., 2004), depressive symptom burden (BDI; Hautzinger et al., 1995), and diagnosis. Only for participants with schizophrenia will psychotic symptom burden be assessed using a standardized short interview (PANSS; Kay et al., 1987). All measurements will be taken at one point in time.	—

Measure

Time frame

Change in estimated duration of a waiting situation as a function of mindfulness (FMA; Walach et al., 2006), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (Patton et al., 1995), emotional state (SAM: valence, arousal; Jokic et al., 2018; Witowska et al., 2020), ADHD symptom burden (ADHS-SB; Rösler et al., 2004), depressive symptom burden (BDI; Hautzinger et al., 1995), and diagnosis. Only for participants with schizophrenia will psychotic symptom burden be assessed using a standardized short interview (PANSS; Kay et al., 1987). All measurements will be taken at one point in time.

—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
see above	—

Countries

Germany

Contacts

Public ContactDavid Vogel

Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Universitätsklinikum Bonn

david.vogel@ukbonn.de0228/28731933

Outcome results

None listed

Source: DRKS (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Aug 10, 2026