F32.1
Conditions
Interventions
Group 1: Patients of the Intervention group (CBM + TAU) receive Treatment as Usual (TAU) plus six sessions of 2-AFC Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) training within 2 to 3 weeks. Each session include
Sponsors
LWL-Universitätsklinik Hamm Fachklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie · Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Age
13 Years to 17 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: - Inpatient treatment at the LWL University Hospital Hamm - Primary diagnosis: Moderate depressive episode (ICD-10: F32.1) - Sufficient German language skills for questionnaire completion - Written consent from legal guardians
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Primary, currently active eating disorder (e.g., anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa) - Eating disorder as comorbid diagnosis - Severe psychiatric comorbidities (e.g., psychosis, acute suicidality) - Neurological or organic disorders affecting perception or cognition - Participation in other psychological studies during the study period
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Perceptual body-size bias (thin–fat categorical boundary): The perceptual body-size bias is measured using a 2-Alternative Forced Choice (2-AFC) task (Glashouwer et al., 2025) Stimuli consist of 15 computer-generated female avatars derived from a biometrically calibrated body composition model that represents independent variation in adiposity (fat mass) and muscularity (skeletal muscle mass) (Maalin et al., 2021) spanning BMI 15–33.7., each avatar is judged as “thin” or “fat.”. The individual categorical boundary (Catbound), the BMI point at which responses switch from “thin” to “fat” is estimated using a modified Penton-Voak et al. (2013) method. A higher post- versus pre-training boundary indicates a more realistic perception of body size as thin or fat (i.e., reduced thinness bias). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Body dissatisfaction: Body dissatisfaction is measured with the Fragebogen zum Figurbewusstsein (FFB; German version of the Body Shape Questionnaire, BSQ; Cooper et al., 1987; Pook et al., 2002). The scale consists of 34 items rated on a 6-point Likert scale (1 = never, 6 = always), with higher scores indicating greater body dissatisfaction. Its internal consistency is high (Cronbach’s a = 0.97 according to Pook et al., 2002). Depressive symptoms: Depressive symptoms are assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9; Spitzer et al., 1999; Löwe et al., 2002). Items are rated on a 4-point scale (0 = not at all, 3 = nearly every day); higher total scores indicate greater symptom severity. The PHQ-9 has good internal consistency (Cronbach`s a = 0.88 in the German version). State body image: State body image is measured with the Body Image States Scale (BISS; Cash et al., 2002). 6 items are assessed on a 9-point scale (“extremely dissatisfied” to “extremely satisfied”), with higher scores representing a more positive current body image. The BISS demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity, with an internal consistency of Cronbach’s a = 0.77 and good temporal stability (Cash et al., 2002). Self-esteem: Self-esteem is measured with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES; Rosenberg, 1965; German adaptation by Mayer et al., 2009). 15 items rated from 0 (“does not apply at all”) to 4 (“fully applies”); higher values indicate higher global self-esteem. The scale shows good internal consistency (Cronbach’s a = 0.84) and has been validated in both, adolescent and adult populations. | — |
Countries
Germany
Contacts
Public ContactTanja Legenbauer
LWL-Universitätsklinik Hamm der Ruhr Universität Bochum Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie – Psychotherapie – Psychosomatik
Outcome results
None listed