Addiction of gamma-hydroxybutyrate or its precursors gamma-butyrolactone, 1,4-butandiole
Conditions
Interventions
Group 1: Patients admitted either electively or as an emergency due to GHB dependence and treated for withdrawal symptoms will be included. Routine treatment is provided solely based on clinical indic
Sponsors
LMU Klinikum für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Daily or near-daily use of GHB, GBL, or 1,4-BD Withdrawal symptoms upon cessation Capacity to provide informed consent and written consent to participate in the study by the participant or their legal representative
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: No relevant use of GHB, GBL, or 1,4-butanediol Current pregnancy Severe psychiatric disorders independent of GHB dependence that preclude participation (e.g., acute suicidality, persistent lack of capacity to consent, acute psychiatric crises) Patients whose German language proficiency is insufficient to fully understand the written and oral study information
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Clinical course and symptomatology of GHB withdrawal syndrome measured by: severity of symptoms (CIWA), objective clinical parameters (vital signs), subjective withdrawal symptoms, occurrence of acute complications (delirium, ICU admission, isolation, mechanical restraint) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics, patterns of use (frequency, dosage, concomitant substance use), psychiatric and somatic comorbidities (M.I.N.I., AUDIT, DUDIT), inpatient treatment course (duration, complications, supportive measures), relapse rate and relapse patterns after 3 months, psychological distress and well-being (DASS, WHO-5), craving (VAS), utilization of aftercare services, cost-related parameters. | — |
Countries
Germany
Contacts
Public ContactEva-Carina Heier
LMU Klinikum für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie
Outcome results
None listed