This study does not investigate any diseases or specific health conditions. It is conducted in healthy, endurance-trained adults and aims to examine physiological and performance-related responses to different carbohydrate intake strategies during standardized exercise.
Conditions
Interventions
Group 1: In this study arm, participants complete a 120-minute endurance training session on a cycling ergometer at moderate intensity (80% of maximal one-hour power output). During exercise, they con
Sponsors
Goethe Universität Frankfurt
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Age between 18 and 60 years Voluntary participation with written informed consent Healthy status, without known conditions limiting participation in physical exercise Regular experience in endurance training, particularly cycling Ability to understand the nature, scope, purpose, and potential risks of the study Full legal capacity
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Presence of acute injuries or severe medical conditions, particularly cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, or metabolic diseases, neurological or psychiatric disorders, advanced degenerative musculoskeletal diseases, incompletely healed sports injuries Known disorders of glucose metabolism (e.g., diabetes mellitus) Use of substances affecting perception or performance (e.g., drugs or certain medications) Acute gastrointestinal disorders or known severe food intolerances related to the test beverages Pregnancy or breastfeeding Any other condition that, in the investigators’ judgment, could compromise participant safety or data integrity
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Performance in a 5-minute all-out test, performed immediately following the 120-minute standardized endurance exercise on the cycling ergometer, assessed as mean power output (Watts). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1) Blood glucose What: Blood glucose (mg/dL) How: Capillary blood sampling from the earlobe with immediate analysis using portable point-of-care devices When: before exercise (baseline) during exercise at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes immediately after the 5-min all-out test 2) Blood lactate What: Blood lactate (mmol/L) How: Capillary blood sampling from the earlobe with immediate analysis using portable point-of-care devices When: before exercise (baseline) after 120 minutes (end of the endurance session) immediately after the 5-min all-out test 3) Subjective outcomes What: Rating of perceived exertion (RPE; Borg scale, Borg 1982) subjective well-being (questionnaire) gastrointestinal symptoms (questionnaire) How: Standardized self-report questionnaires/scales When: during the 120-min endurance exercise (at predefined time points) immediately after the 5-min all-out test | — |
Countries
Germany
Contacts
Public ContactTobias Engeroff
Goethe Universität Frankfurt
Outcome results
None listed