F17
Conditions
Interventions
Group 1: Patients who underwent a combined method (tDCS+TMS) for the treatment of nicotine dependence, who underwent a 5-day treatment.
The specific protocols for each method are given below:
- TDCS p
Sponsors
University of Messina
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Ability to read and sign informed consent. Addiction and desire to smoke cigarettes. Subjects accessing the neuromodulation outpatient service.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Severe, unstable and concomitant active neurological or physical illnesses. Patients with schizophrenia. Patients with intellectual disability. Patients with substance-related disorders (other than tobacco/nicotine). Patients with previous episodes of epilepsy or unexplained seizures. Patients with implanted electronic devices and/or cochlear implants and/or vagus nerve stimulators. Patients with cardiac pacemakers. Patients with non-removable metal objects in proximity to the coil.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The primary outcome is evaluate whether the combined treatment was more effective than the single treatment. The textological evaluation will make it possible to observe these differences. Patients had received psychodiagnostic evaluation before treatment, at the end of treatment (5 days for the first arm and 21 for the second) and after six months of follow-up. Evaluation of nicotine dependence and nicotine withdrawal was assessed by the following psychometric instruments: - The Fagerström test, FTND (1991)consists of 6 questions, the scores obtained allow the classification of addiction to nicotine into five levels: very low (0 to 2 points); low (3 to 4 points); moderate (5 points); high (6 to 7 points); and very high (8 to 10 points). - The Smoking Abstinence Expectancies Questionnaire (SAEQ) is a rapid and reliable test that assesses the consequences of nicotine withdrawal in the short term. It is composed of 28 items and 4 subscales concerning: Negative mood, somatic symptoms, harmful consequences, and positive consequences. - Addictive Behavior Questionnaire (ABQ) is a self-report measure for the assessment of the different forms of addiction in all phases of the intervention. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Evaluate whether the combined treatment is longer lasting and better tolerated by the patients. | — |
Countries
Italy
Contacts
Public ContactFiammetta Iannuzzo
University of Messina
Outcome results
None listed