Students reporting hightened stress (DASS-21 stress score 10 or larger)
Conditions
Interventions
Group 1: Slow breathing: study particiopants reduce their breathing rate for 10 minutes to 6 breaths per minute (three times per day)
Group 2: Daily planning: study participants create a daily plan im
Sponsors
Universität Innsbruck
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: DASS-21 stress subscale: score 10 or larger
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: (i) presence of respiratory or cardiological diseases, (ii) currently diagnosed mental disorder (past diagnosis is permitted), (iii) the use of psychotropic drugs in the last four weeks, (iv) the use of medication for the treatment of somatic diseases in the last four weeks, (v) participation in psychotherapy, counselling, yoga or meditation in the last four weeks
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| (1) Change in VAS (visual analogue scale, 2 dimensions: arousal and valence), presented immediately before and after the intervention in the morning and evening (2) DASS-21 questionnaire: stress subscale | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| (1) DASS-21 questionnaire: anxiety and depression (2 subscales) (2) REQ questionnaire: recovery experiences (total score and 4 dimensions: psychological detachment from work, relaxation, mastery and control) (3) Brief MAIA-2: interoceptive awareness (total score and 8 dimensions: noticing, non-distraction, not-worry, attention regulation, emotional awareness, self-regulation, listen-to-the-body, and trust) (4) FFA: Freiburg Questionnaire on Mindfulness (5) WHO-5: Well-being (6) heart rate variability parameters (time- and frequency-domain) during the intervention in the morning and evening Other measures: (1) ZUF-8: satisfaction with the intervention (2) NW: questionnaire on side effects of the intervention | — |
Countries
Austria, Germany, Switzerland
Contacts
Public ContactMarkus Canazei
Universität Innsbruck
Outcome results
None listed