The study aims to validate a questionnaire in the field of clinical nutrition. Only healthy individuals were recruited.
Conditions
Interventions
Group 1: The study will recruit n = 66 individuals , thereof n = 22 individuals on a mixed (balanced) diet including animal products, n = 22 individuals on a vegetarian diet and n = 22 individuals on
Sponsors
Klinik für Innere Medizin II - Unizentrum Naturheikunde
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: - the ability to provide informed consent - adherence to a balanced (omnivorous) diet, a vegetarian diet or a vegan diet for at least one year without any interruptions - sufficient knowledge of German to fill out a questionnaire in German language and to understand the study procedures and instructions in German - willingness to completely abstain from taking dietary supplements and other supplements for two days over the course of the study - willingness to complete a weighed food diary (dietary assessment for two days) - willingness to collect one's urine for 24 hours in a provided plastic container
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: - intake of antacids or proton pump inhibitors, which may alter an individual's micronutrient absorption - known liver disease or (chronic) renal insufficiency (anamnestic) - urinary tract infection(s) within the last four weeks (anamnestic) - Individuals suffering from any kind of malignancy (anamnestic) - Vitamin D supplementation within the last two weeks - Intake of diuretics or uricosuric medication - known gastrointestinal tract diseases which may be associated with an altered micronutrient absorption, including chronic inflammatory bowel disease, malabsorption syndromes, celiac disease and pernicious anemia - Previous gastrointestinal operations (with the exception of an appendectomy) or a history of bariatric surgery, which may affect nutrient absorption - Pregnancy and breastfeeding - Eating disorders (anamnestic) - Abuse of drugs, alcohol (>20g/day) or nicotine (daily cigarette consumption) - Participation in another clinical trial within the past four weeks - Underweight (BMI 30 kg/m²) - Consumption of more than four cups of coffee (250 ml each) per day - Consumption of more than 100 grams of fresh berries per day - Consumption of more than 20 grams of algae per day (dry matter) - planned unusual physical exertion during the course of the study (e.g. planned marathon run). - Any finding that, in the judgment of the principle investigator, makes the participant appear unsuitable for the course of the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| oCorrelation between the LAKE-Score and the PRALR-Score (estimated with data from weighed food diaries) in individuals on a mixed (balanced) diet oCorrelation between the LAKE-Score and the U-PRAL (assessed with data from weighed food diaries) in individuals on a mixed (balanced) diet | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| o Correlation between the LAKE-Score and the PRALR-Score (estimated with data from weighed food diaries) in individuals on a vegetarian diet o Correlation between the LAKE-Score and the U-PRAL (assessed with data from weighed food diaries) in individuals on a vegetarian diet o Correlation between the LAKE-Score and the PRALR-Score (estimated with data from weighed food diaries) in individuals on a vegan diet o Correlation between the LAKE-Score and the U-PRAL (assessed with data from weighed food diaries) in individuals on a vegan diet o Between group differences in the LAKE-Score, PRALR and U-PRAL estimate o Characteristics of the validation procedure (test-retest reliability) | — |
Countries
Germany
Contacts
Public ContactMaximilian Andreas Storz
Klinik für Innere Medizin II - Unizentrum Naturheikunde
Outcome results
None listed