e-cigarette dependence
Conditions
Interventions
Group 1: E-cigarette users and non-smokers both are presented with images from three different categories in the MRI (neutral images, warning images, and texts).
Sponsors
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie am LMU Klinikum Campus Innenstadt
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Group of E-cigarette Users E-cigarette use for at least three months on at least three days per week Self-declared as a regular user of nicotine-containing e-cigarette products Age between 18-60 years Group of Non-smokers No use of nicotine-containing inhaled products Self-declared as a non-smoker Age between 18-60 years
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion Criteria for Both Groups 1.Legal guardianship in place 2.Current or past alcohol, drug, and/or medication abuse 3.Presence of a neurological and/or psychiatric disorder (e.g. 4.Disc herniation in the last 6 months, polyneuropathies, Parkinson's syndrome, Dementia, systemic neurological disorders, cerebrovascular diseases, history of stroke, Recurrent cerebral ischemia with progressive deterioration, increased intracranial pressure, normal pressure hydrocephalus) 5.Acute suicidality 6.Epilepsy or other CNS disorders (brain tumor, encephalitis) 7.Use of psychotropic medications 8.Positive family history of psychiatric disorders 9.Metal in the body (e.g. magnetic implants, prosthetics, clips) 10.Pacemaker 11.Pregnancy or breastfeeding, contraceptive method with Pearl index >0.9 A negative pregnancy test is required before testing if using a contraceptive method with a Pearl index >0.9 12.Claustrophobia 13.Severe internal diseases (e.g. manifest arterial hypertension, severe heart diseases, pacemaker, respiratory insufficiency) 14.Malignant diseases of any kind, including in medical history 15.Severe active infectious diseases 16.Chronic and systemic skin diseases 17.Bone diseases (e.g. Paget's disease, osteoporosis with spontaneous fractures, recent fractures) 18.Any other conditions deemed by the principal investigator as reasons for exclusion from the study 19.Left-handedness 20.Severely impaired vision [8 diopters] 21.Any circumstances that contraindicate MRI examination 22.Lack of ability to provide informed consent
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Neurobiological responses and reactions to the different images are detected through the MRI. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| To be able to make statements about the significance of visual warning signs, including for e-cigarettes. | — |
Countries
Germany
Contacts
Public ContactTobias Rüther
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie am LMU Klinikum Campus Innenstadt
Outcome results
None listed