F32 F32.1 F32.2 F32.8 F32.9 F33 F33.1 F33.2 F33.8 F33.9
Conditions
Interventions
Group 1: FlowVR: The group sessions take place once a week over a period of four weeks. The FlowVR intervention group consists of a group of three participants each. In FlowVR, participants fly throug
Sponsors
Asklepois Klinikum Harburg Zentrum für seelische Gesundheit Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 80 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Meeting the criteria for Major Depression, Dysthymia, or Recurrent Depressive Disorder according to DSM-5 verified (M.I.N.I.) with current episode, proficient in German language, providing written consent for study participation and the ability to give informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Patients with psychosis (including affective disorder with psychotic features), bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, acute suicidality, and substance use disorder (currently not abstinent), as well as (partial) inpatient psychotherapy during the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The primary outcome is the change in mindfulness from T0 to T1 and from T0 to T2 (secondary), which is measured by using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-D). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Hamilton Depression Scale: The Hamilton Depression Scale is an expert rating for assessing the severity of depressive symptoms (T0, T1 and T2). Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ): The CFQ is a self-rating to assess individual differences in subjective experiences of cognitive performance (T0, T1 and T2). Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II): Self-rating questionnaire to assess depressive symptoms (T0, T1 and T2). Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES): The RSES is a self-report questionnaire that assesses self-esteem (T0, T1 and T2). Quality of life - Globalitem (WHO-QOL-BREF): Global item WHO-QOL-BREF is a self-rating and measures quality of life (T0, T1 and T2). Skala zur Allgemeinen Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung (SWE): The SWE is a self-rating for recording one's own self-efficacy expectation (T0, T1 and T2). Subjective evaluation (based on a questionnaire by Miegel et al. [2023]): Self-assessment questionnaire, records the subjective appraisal of FlowVR (T1). Side effect questionnaire based on the Positive and Negative Effect Questionnaire with VR-specific items (PANEPS-VR): The PANEPS-VR is based on the PANEPS (Moritz et al., 2019) and is a self-rating for recording positive and negative side effects, which was adapted and supplemented with VR-specific items (T1). Pre- and post-session questionnaire (PPSQ): The pre- and post-session questionnaire is a self-rating and assesses different aspects like for example motivation, self-efficacy, mindfulness, and group cohesion (before and after each session). State-Trait-Anxiety-Depression-Inventory (STADI[S]): Self-assessment instrument for recording anxiety and depression at the status level (before and after each session). We will only assess state anxiety and depression. Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ): Self-assessment tool that records discomfort (e.g., nausea) in virtual reality (before and after each session). Flow Short Scale (FSS): Captures the flow experience in virtual reality (befo | — |
Countries
Germany
Contacts
Public ContactLuzie Lohse
Asklepois Klinikum Harburg Zentrum für seelische Gesundheit Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik
Outcome results
None listed