E11
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Type 2 diabetes group: - BMI 25-35 kg/m2 and with a sedentary lifestyle (<150 min/week moderate-intensity exercise); - diagnosed as type 2 diabetes = 1 year; - prescribed immediate-release metformin twice per day = 3 months Non-diabetes group: - BMI 25-35 kg/m2 and with a sedentary lifestyle (<150 min/week moderate-intensity exercise); - no diagnosed of type 2 diabetes.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: - insulin treatment within 12 months prior to the start of the study; - chronic prescription of other medications; - fasting glucose concentrations >16 mmol/L; - serious diabetic complications (e.g., nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy); - any contraindications for undertaking exercise testing (e.g. acute infectious diseases or chronic inflammation).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Capillary blood lactate concentrations during the two-hour postprandial period, submaximal exercise test, sprint test, and recovery phase | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| (1) Capillary blood glucose concentrations during the two-hour postprandial period, submaximal exercise test, sprint test, and recovery phase. (2) Energy expenditure during the postprandial period, submaximal exercise test, sprint test, and recovery phase (estimated by indirect calorimetry). (3) The first and second lactate thresholds in the submaximal exercise test. (4) Peak power (PP), mean power output (MP), and total work performed (TW) in the sprint test. (5) Metabolic biomarkers (i.e., insulin, glucagon, C-peptide, non-esterified fatty acids [NEFAs], and glycerol) during fasting, 2 hours postprandial, and after the submaximal exercise test. | — |
Countries
Germany
Contacts
German Sport University Cologne