Healthy participants
Conditions
Interventions
Group 1: Arm 1
Blockade of beta-adrenoreceptors during the consolidation-phase (by administration of Propranolol after learning on day 1, 40mg Propranolol, oral administration in capsule form (two cap
Sponsors
Institut für Systemische Neurowissenschaften
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 40 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: - Healthy participants - between 18 and 40 years old - right-handed - very good knowledge of German - average alcohol consumption is less than 15 units per week (1 unit = 1 glass of wine, beer or similar, and 1cl of higher alcoholic beverages) - no pregnancy - no consumption of illegal drugs
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. past or present illnesses of the brain or mind - Brain or mind (incl. anxiety disorders, depression, schizophrenia, alcohol, drug or medication dependence, neurological disorders other than occasional headaches), - Heart or circulation (incl. hypertension), - blood, - lungs, - liver, - kidneys, - Thyroid gland, - Eyes (incl. glaucoma, colour blindness and myopia of more than -5 dioptres), - skin, - gastrointestinal tract, - metabolism. It does not matter whether the illness is treated or untreated, was long or short term or dates back a long time. Excluded from this are former childhood illnesses and former harmless illnesses such as common gastrointestinal infections, exertion headaches, colds, etc. 2. cancer. 3. hypersensitivity to propranolol or morphine. 4. current medication and medication in a period of 2 months before the experiment (except contraceptives, for example the so-called "pill".) Only nonprescription medications are excluded if their intake dates back more than 1 week before participation in the study. 5. other serious health problems or current severe mental or physical stress. 6. the presence of removable metal objects in or on the body. 7. suspected pregnancy.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Retrieval To test the retrieval it is planned to analyse the mean differential CS responses (CS+ - CS-) measured by the primary and secondary target parameters in the first block of RET. For this purpose, a linear mixed model will be defined with a stimulus-by-time-by-group interaction as a fixed effect and subject as a random effect (because of repeated measures). We expect an interaction for the factors stimulus, time and group. A priori contrasts are defined for group comparison. We expect that the experimental groups 1 (Propranolol), 2 (Morphine) and 3 (Propranolol and Morphine) will discriminate less between CS+ and CS- in the first block of RET than experimental group 4 (Placebo). Primary Outcome (Retrieval) US expectancy and haemodynamic brain responses: the primary target parameter is the mean differential CS response (CS+ - CS-) measured as US expectancy and haemodynamic brain responses in the first block during RET compared between experimental groups 1, 2, 3 and 4: [(CS+ - CS-) RET, Group1 < (CS+ - CS-) RET, Group4] [(CS+ - CS-) RET, Group2 < (CS+ - CS-) RET, Group4] [(CS+ - CS-) RET, Group3 < (CS+ - CS-) RET, Group4] [(CS+ - CS-) RET, Group3 < (CS+ - CS-) RET, Group1] [(CS+ - CS-) RET, Group3 < (CS+ - CS-) RET, Group2]. Generalisation To test GEN, it is planned to analyse the mean differential CS responses (CS+ - CS-) measured by the primary and secondary target parameters during GEN. Again, a linear mixed model will be defined with a stimulus-by-group interaction as fixed effects and subject as a random effect (because of repeated measures). A-priori contrasts are defined for the group comparison. It is expected that participants in experimental groups 1 (Propranolol), 2 (Morphine) and 3 (Propranolol and Morphine) will show an altered response pattern, i.e. a less strong generalisation and a flatter generalisation gradient compared to experimental group 4 (Placebo). A stimulus-by-group interaction is expected. Primary Outcome (Generalisation) US e | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Retrieval Secondary outcome parameter is the mean differential CS response (CS+ - CS-) measured as fear and arousal ratings before and after RET as well as skin conductance and pupil dilation in the first block during RET compared between experimental groups 1, 2, 3 and 4: [(CS+ - CS-) RET, Group1 < (CS+ - CS-) RET, Group4] [(CS+ - CS-) RET, Group2 < (CS+ - CS-) RET, Group4] [(CS+ - CS-) RET, Group3 < (CS+ - CS-) RET, Group4] [(CS+ - CS-) RET, Group3 < (CS+ - CS-) RET, Group1] [(CS+ - CS-) RET, Group3 < (CS+ - CS-) RET, Group2]. Generalisation Secondary outcome parameter is the mean differential CS response (CS+ - CS-) measured as fear and arousal ratings, skin conductance and pupil dilation during GEN compared between experimental groups 1, 2, 3 and 4: [(CS+ - GS) GEN, Group1 < (CS+ - GS) GEN, Group4] [(CS+ - GS) GEN, Group2 < (CS+ - GS) GEN, Group4] [(CS+ - GS) GEN, Group3 < (CS+ - GS) GEN, Group4] [(CS+ - GS) GEN, Group3 < (CS+ - GS) GEN, Group1] [(CS+ - GS) GEN, Group3 < (CS+ - GS) GEN, Group2]. | — |
Countries
Germany
Contacts
Public ContactLeonie Rumpf
Institut für Systemische Neurowissenschaften
Outcome results
None listed