A Randomized Controlled Trial of Positive Psychology and Stress Management Interventions for Test Anxiety and Test-Related Stress

Status

Recruiting

Phases

Phase 3

Study type

Interventional

Source

DRKS

Registry ID

DRKS00031004

Enrollment

210

Registered

2023-02-16

Start date

2023-02-16

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2026-03-02

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

test anxiety and test related stress

Interventions

Group 1: Intervention Group 1: Students will undergo a positive psychology intervention before a real written exam. A baseline measurement in a real exam situation will be performed before beginning o

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Age

18 Years to 40 Years

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: Students who have at least two written exams remaining.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: Severe depressive episodes, suicidality, participants currently undergoing psychotherapeutic treatment, participants taking medication.

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Prüfungsangstfragebogen (PAF, Hodapp et al., 2011), Psychophysiological parameters (saliva measurements and Polar watches)	—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
Positive psychological parameters: Psychological well-being (FS, Esch et al., 2013; SHS, Lyumbormisky & Lepper, 1997), Self-esteem / -efficacy (RSES, Rosenberg; SWE, Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 2013), optimism (LOT-R, Scheier et al., 1994), subjective happiness scale (SHS, Lyubormisky & Lepper, 1999), PERMA (Wammerl et al., 2019) stress: Inventory for the assessment of stress management skills (ISBF, Wirtz et al., 2013), Perceived stress (PSS, Cohen et al., 1983), Stress reactivity (SRS, Schulz et al., 2005), Chronic stress (TICS, Schultz et al., 2004), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory STAI, Spielberger et al., 1970; deutsche Version, Grimm, 2009), Stress Mindset Measure (SMM, Crum et al., 2013), Primary Appraisal Secondary Appraisal (PASA) Other parameters: Self-Compassion (SCS, Raes et al., 2011, deutsche Version, Hupfeld et al., 2004), PHQ-9 (depression), Procrastination (GPS-K, Klingsieck & Fries, 2018), Personality (BFI-10, Rammstedt et al., 2011), Social support (BSSS, Schulz & Schwarzer, 2003), Coping Inventory CISS, Endler & Parker, 1990, deutsche Version, Kälin & Semmer, 2020), Perfectionism (FMPS, Frost et al., 1990, deutsche Version, Stöber, 1995), Vital exhaustion (VE, Maastricht Questionnaire Appels)	—

Measure

Time frame

Positive psychological parameters: Psychological well-being (FS, Esch et al., 2013; SHS, Lyumbormisky & Lepper, 1997), Self-esteem / -efficacy (RSES, Rosenberg; SWE, Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 2013), optimism (LOT-R, Scheier et al., 1994), subjective happiness scale (SHS, Lyubormisky & Lepper, 1999), PERMA (Wammerl et al., 2019) stress: Inventory for the assessment of stress management skills (ISBF, Wirtz et al., 2013), Perceived stress (PSS, Cohen et al., 1983), Stress reactivity (SRS, Schulz et al., 2005), Chronic stress (TICS, Schultz et al., 2004), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory STAI, Spielberger et al., 1970; deutsche Version, Grimm, 2009), Stress Mindset Measure (SMM, Crum et al., 2013), Primary Appraisal Secondary Appraisal (PASA) Other parameters: Self-Compassion (SCS, Raes et al., 2011, deutsche Version, Hupfeld et al., 2004), PHQ-9 (depression), Procrastination (GPS-K, Klingsieck & Fries, 2018), Personality (BFI-10, Rammstedt et al., 2011), Social support (BSSS, Schulz & Schwarzer, 2003), Coping Inventory CISS, Endler & Parker, 1990, deutsche Version, Kälin & Semmer, 2020), Perfectionism (FMPS, Frost et al., 1990, deutsche Version, Stöber, 1995), Vital exhaustion (VE, Maastricht Questionnaire Appels)

—

Countries

Germany

Contacts

Public ContactLuci Herrmann

Universität Konstanz

luci.herrmann@uni-konstanz.de+49 7531 88-5022

Outcome results

None listed

Source: DRKS (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Mar 14, 2026