F45.40
Conditions
Interventions
Group 1: Control Group (receives state-of-the-art Treatment)
Group 2: Intervention Group 1 (receives additive attachment-based Intervention). For the Intervention the whole team received training in a
Sponsors
Schmerztherapie Tagesklinik Orthopädie Heidelberg
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 80 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Our participants are enrolled as outpatients in the orthopedic clinic of the Heidelberg University Hospital and participate in a four-week multidisciplinary pain treatment including physiotherapy, ergotherapy, music and dance therapy, individual and group psychotherapy. As such, they - have experienced chronic pain for at least six months - are between 18 and 80 years of age - have previously received standard treatment consisting of at least one rehabilitation program or two inpatient treatments or one pain treatment with a registered doctor, which did not yield lasting effects.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: - high CRP levels as an indicator of rheumatoid arthritis - acute inflammations of the spine - a tumor - a diagnosed psychosis - a diagnosis of a bipolar or neurological disorder - an insufficient ability to communicate in German
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| With two Visual Analogue Scales, we assess the pain intensity at present and within the previous week. Patients are also asked to indicate the number of days they experienced pain, and the number of days they experienced strong pain, both within the previous month. Physical functioning will be assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index by Mannion et al. (2006). Also, we included a widely used German short version of the Health Survey to assess physical functioning and health-related quality of life more generally (Bullinger and Kirchberger, 1998). All of those questionnaires were assessed at T1 (beginning of Treatment), T2 (after Treatment) and T3 (6 months after Treatment). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Assessments of both intervention group and baseline group are identical. Patients’ attachment patterns will be assessed with the help of the relationship questionnaire (RQ 2; Bartholomew and Horowitz, 1991) and the revised Experience of Close Relationships questionnaire (Ehrenthal et al., 2009) in its newly developed German short version (ECR-RD 12; Brenk-Franz, Ehrenthal, et al. Version 1.0, 2011, personal communication) at T1 (Treatment begin) and T3 (6 months post-treatment). To measure emotional distress, we included the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (Lovibond and Lovibond, 1995) in its German version by Nilges and colleagues at T1, T2 and T3.For the assessment of patients’ personality based on the five basic personality factors we chose the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (Costa and McCrae, 1989; German short version Körner et al., 2008) at T1. Also, we included measures of self-esteem (Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale; Rosenberg, 1965), interpersonal problems (Inventory of Interpersonal Problems, German short version; Thomas et al., 2011), coping strategies (Coping Strategies Questionnaire; Verra et al., 2006) at t1, T2 and T3, as well as patients’ subjective evaluation of the therapeutic working alliance (Working Alliance Inventory, revised German short version; Wilmers et al., 2008) at T2 (After Treatment). Additionally, we will ask patients to evaluate their overall experience with the therapeutic process (for example, their relationships with therapists and other patients during the program) with the German “Stationserfahrungsbogen” (Sammet and Schauenburg, 1999) at T2 (after Treatment). Part of the standard procedure is also the general assessment of psychological disorders based on the DSM-IV with the German structured clinical interview (Wittchen et al., 1997) at T1 (beginning of treatment). | — |
Countries
Germany
Contacts
Public ContactAnn-Christin Pfeifer
Schmerztherapie Tagesklinik Orthopädie Heidelberg
Outcome results
None listed