Craniotomy
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age range: 18-65 years old, gender not limited; 2. Planned elective craniotomy for tumor resection surgery; 3. ASA classification II-III; 4. No cognitive impairment before surgery; 5. Voluntarily participate and sign an informed consent form.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Allergies to hydromorphone, any opioid drugs, and dexmedetomidine; 2. Severe liver and kidney dysfunction (Child Pugh C grade, or eGFR3 months) or recent history of drug abuse; 5. Communication barriers prevent completion of pain assessment; 6. Pregnant or lactating women; Serious cardiovascular diseases (such as grade II or above atrioventricular block); 7. Severe bradycardia (HR<50 beats/minute); 8. Heart function NYHA III-IV level); 9. Second surgery patients.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| numerical rating scale,NRS; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Rescue Analgesic Within 48 Hours;Incidence of Adverse Reactions; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University