None
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Primary surgical procedure involves orthopedic internal fixation. 2. Age = 18 years. 3. Complete medical records and cost information. 4. Surgical incision category is clean.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Surgical incision classification as clean-contaminated, contaminated, or infected; surgery classified as emergency or resuscitation surgery. 2. Undergone invasive surgery or procedures within 1 month prior to surgery. 3. Use of antimicrobial agents within 2 weeks prior to surgery due to identified infectious factors. 4. Length of hospital stay > 60 days.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Average Length of Stay;Cost per visit;Consumables Usage Fees; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
The Affiliated Changzhou Second People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University