Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Conditions
Interventions
Health Control Group:None
Sponsors
Peking University Sixth Hospital
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
6 Years to 16 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: ADHD Group (1) Meeting the diagnostic criteria for ADHD as outlined in the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition* (DSM-5), with initial clinical diagnosis established by a child psychiatrist (holding at least attending physician qualifications) through unstructured interviews with caregivers and patients, followed by verification using K-SADS-PL for clinical subtyping and comorbidity assessment. (2) Aged 6–16 years. (3) IQ >=70 as assessed by WISC-IV in children. (4) No prior pharmacotherapy for ADHD, or discontinuation of ADHD medications >=48 hours before enrollment. (5) No history of other psychiatric medication use. (6) Informed consent obtained from both participants (>=8 years) and their legal guardians. Health Control Group (1) WISC-IV assessed full-scale IQ >=70 in pediatric subjects. (2) Aged 6 to 16 years. (3) No prior exposure to psychotropic medications. (4) Clinical data documentation completed following informed consent from participants (>=8 years) and their legal guardians.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: ADHD: (1) History or current diagnosis of childhood schizophrenia, intellectual disability, or epilepsy. (2) Severe somatic/neurological disorders, impaired consciousness, or current substance abuse/dependence. (3) Contraindications for MRI (including claustrophobia). Health Control Group: (1) Individuals with current or prior diagnoses of ADHD, schizophrenia, mood disorders, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, epilepsy, or family history of these conditions were excluded. (2) Those with significant physical or neurological abnormalities, impaired consciousness, or active substance abuse/dependence were excluded. (3) Participants exhibiting >=4 symptoms in either the inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity domains on the ADHD-IV 18-item symptom checklist were excluded. (4) Individuals with contraindications for MRI (including claustrophobia) were excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Sluggish Cognitive Tempo;ADHD Symptoms;Somatic Complaints;Conduct Problems;Learning Problems;Emotional Symptoms;Social Interaction;Self-reported Depression Symptoms;Self-reported Anxiety Symptoms;Emotion Regulation Ability;Social Responsiveness;Alienation Questionnaire;Object Shift Ability;Spatial working memory capacity;Visual-motor Integration;Reaction Time;Ecological executive functions;fNIRS ;MRI; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Learning Ability; | — |
Countries
Chine
Contacts
Public ContactQiujin Qian
Peking University Sixth Hospital
Outcome results
None listed