Postoperative pain
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1.Aged between 18 and 80 years old. 2.Patients scheduled for elective thoracoscopic surgery; 3.American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status ?–?; 4.Expected postoperative hospital stay >=72 hours; 5.Capable of understanding the numerical rating scale (NRS) and questionnaire items; 6.Provided written informed consent and volunteered to participate in this trial.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.Severe ocular diseases, including glaucoma, macular degeneration, cataract, retinopathy and history of ocular trauma; 2.Severe neurological diseases, including brain injury, stroke and neurodegenerative diseases; 3.History of psychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia; 4.Long-term (>= 3 months) preoperative use of opioids; 5.Color blindness or color vision deficiency; 6.Photodermatoses, including lupus erythematosus, photosensitive dermatitis and other related conditions; 7.Pregnancy or lactation; 8.Preoperative score >= 11 on the anxiety or depression subscale of the HADS (indicating moderate to severe anxiety or depression); 9.Participation in other interventional clinical trials.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Numerical Rating Scale score; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Numerical Rating Scale score;The opioid consumption;Anxiety and depression;Emotional status;Numerical Rating Scale Score;Rescue analgesia;Postoperative length of hospital stay;The adverse events;The quality of recovery; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
People's Hospital of Jianyang City