Speed–Power Response
Conditions
Interventions
Standardized resistance training cohort:Week 1 (Anatomical Adaptation
Main Exercise at 65% 1RM)
Session 1
Back Squat: 65% 1RM, 3 × 10 (90-s rest)
Bulgarian Split Squat: 3 × 10 (60-s rest)
Side Plank: 3 × 45 s (60-s rest)
Nordic Hamstring Curl: 3 × 6 (60-s rest)
Dead Bug
Main Exercise at 70% 1RM)
Session 1
Back Squat: 70% 1RM, 3 × 10 (90-s rest)
Bulgarian Split Squat: 3 × 10 (60-s rest)
Side Plank: 3 × 45 s (60-s rest)
Nordic Hamstring Curl: 3 × 6 (60-s rest)
Dead Bug
Main Exercise at 80% 1RM)
Session 1
Back Squat: 80% 1RM, 3 × 5 (150-s rest)
Reverse Lunge: 3 × 8 each leg (120-s rest)
Standing Calf Raise: 3 × 10 (90-s rest)
Seated Hamstring Curl: 3 × 10 (60-s rest)
Main Exercise at 85% 1RM)
Session 1
Back Squat: 85% 1RM, 3 × 5 (150-s rest)
Reverse Lunge: 3 × 8 each leg (120-s rest)
Standing Calf Raise: 3 × 10 (90-s rest)
Seated Hamstring Curl: 3 × 10 (60
Sponsors
Beijing Sport University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Male
Age
18 Years to 35 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: This study will recruit healthy Han Chinese adult males aged 18–35 years. Participants will be eligible for inclusion if they meet the following criteria: 1. are between 18 and 35 years of age; 2. self-identify as Han Chinese males; 3. are in good health, with no diseases or musculoskeletal injuries that would affect participation in moderate- to high-intensity resistance training, jumping, sprinting, or maximal strength testing; 4. are able to complete the standardized 8-week resistance training intervention (three sessions per week) and comply with all pre-intervention, post-intervention, and process assessments; 5. are willing to undergo training status assessment, body composition measurement, muscle morphology assessment, speed–power performance testing, sleep and dietary monitoring, and saliva sample collection; 6. voluntarily provide written informed consent after receiving a full explanation of the study objectives, procedures, potential risks, and participant rights. Only male participants will be recruited to minimize the influence of sex-related physiological differences on speed–power performance, muscular adaptations, body composition changes, and training responsiveness, thereby improving sample homogeneity and the interpretability of the findings. Furthermore, only individuals of Han Chinese ancestry will be included because the study involves analyses of exercise-related genetic variants and polygenic scores. Restricting recruitment to a single ancestral population is intended to reduce the potential influence of population stratification and genetic background heterogeneity on allele frequencies and the interpretation of genotype–training adaptation associations.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Participants will be excluded if they meet any of the following criteria: 1. have cardiovascular, metabolic, neuromuscular, respiratory, musculoskeletal, or other medical conditions that may compromise exercise safety or influence training adaptations; 2. have sustained lower-limb, hip, lumbar, or other musculoskeletal injuries within the previous six months that may affect squatting, jumping, sprinting, or maximal strength testing; 3. are currently using or have recently used medications or nutritional supplements that may influence muscle function, body composition, or exercise performance, including anabolic steroids, hormonal agents, creatine, ß-alanine, ß-hydroxy-ß-methylbutyrate (HMB), or other ergogenic supplements; 4. plan to participate in additional systematic resistance training, power training, sprint training, or other high-intensity sport-specific training during the study period; 5. have severe sleep disorders, extremely irregular sleep schedules, substantial dietary restrictions, intentional weight-loss practices, or other lifestyle factors that may substantially affect recovery or training adaptations; 6. are unable or unwilling to complete the primary outcome assessments, training intervention, supplement protocol, sleep and dietary monitoring, or saliva sample collection; 7. are expected to demonstrate poor training attendance or compliance, or are otherwise considered unsuitable for participation at the discretion of the investigators. Potential musculoskeletal injuries will be assessed through a standardized health questionnaire, injury history interview, exercise history survey, and pre-intervention movement screening. Participants reporting knee, ankle, hip, or lower back pain, recent musculoskeletal injuries, previous surgery, or medical advice to avoid high-intensity exercise will undergo further evaluation regarding the location and timing of the injury, current symptoms, and whether the condition affects squatting, jumping, sprinting, or routine daily activities. Individuals with injuries or conditions that present a significant exercise-related risk or are likely to compromise the validity of the outcome assessments will be excluded from the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Back Squat One-Repetition Maximum (1RM);Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull (IMTP);Countermovement Jump (CMJ);Squat Jump (SJ);Drop Jump (DJ);20-m Sprint Time;Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density (DXA);Additional outcome;Exercise-Related Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Genotyping;Daily Energy and Macronutrient Intake;Sleep Duration, Quality, and Efficiency;Five-Dimensional Training Status Score;Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS); | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Anaerobic Power;Secondary outcome; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactWang Mingrui
Beijing sport university
Outcome results
None listed