Diabetes has become a major global public health challenge, with China bearing the largest burden as home to over 140 million people living with the disease. The disability and mortality associated with diabetes stem largely from its wide range of chronic complications. Recent longitudinal data indicate that, compared with non-diabetic individuals, people with diabetes face a 1.83-fold higher risk
Conditions
Interventions
Observation group:None
Sponsors
Peking University Shenzhen Hospital
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 99 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1.Patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus at our hospital within the study time window (meeting the WHO 1999 or ADA diagnostic criteria); 2.Baseline data: Completion of body composition analysis (bioelectrical impedance analysis, BIA) at the first visit (baseline), with complete data on whole-body phase angle (PhA), skeletal muscle mass, and body fat percentage; 3.Follow-up data: At least one or more hospital return-visit records after baseline, including key outcome indicators (e.g., urinary microalbumin, creatinine, fundoscopic examination, etc.); 4.Age: 18 years or older, regardless of gender.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.Contraindications: Patients with implanted cardiac pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), or other electronic medical devices (contraindicated for BIA measurement); 2.Endpoint pre-existence: Patients already in advanced stages of diabetic complications at baseline (e.g., uremia on dialysis, bilateral blindness, severe heart failure NYHA class IV); 3.Special physiological conditions: Pregnant or lactating women;patients with severe fluid balance disorders (e.g., cirrhotic ascites, severe generalized edema) that may affect the accuracy of BIA data; 4.Missing data: Patients with missing key covariates (e.g., duration of diabetes, medication history) that could not be retrieved or completed through medical record review;
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Full-body Phase Angle (Phase Angle, PhA);Microalbuminuria;Creatinine;fundus examination;Skeletal muscle mass (SMI);Visceral fat area (VFA); | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Glucose metabolism and function: Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-peptide (fasting and 2-hour postprandial), four lipid items (TG/TC/LDL/HDL); | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactHong Xiaoyu
Peking University Shenzhen Hospital
Outcome results
None listed