Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) in Type 2 Diabetes
Conditions
Interventions
DKA Group:none
Diabetic group without DKA:none
Sponsors
Bejing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical Uniersity
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 50 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. DKA Group (1) Age 18-50 years old (upper limit set at 50 to reduce interference from age-related retinal changes and cataracts, etc.); (2) Type 2 diabetes, meeting DKA diagnostic criteria (blood glucose > 13.9 mmol/L, arterial pH 3.0 mmol/L or positive urine ketones); (3) Willing to participate in this study and sign informed consent. 2. Diabetes without DKA Control Group: (1) Match control group patients by age, disease duration, and HbA1c distribution based on the enrolled DKA patients, ensuring both groups are balanced on these key confounding factors. Additional inclusion criteria: meet type 2 diabetes diagnostic criteria (same as DKA group), no DKA episodes in the past 3 months.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Exclusion criteria for the DKA group: (1) Severe refractive media opacity (such as cataracts or corneal disease) or inability of the pupil to dilate, which affects high-quality fundus imaging; (2) Other serious eye diseases (such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, retinal vascular occlusion, uveitis, etc.); (3) History of intraocular surgery (excluding cataract surgery) or retinal laser treatment; (4) Severe heart, liver, or kidney dysfunction, or pregnant women; (5) Inability to cooperate with ophthalmic examinations due to consciousness disorders or other reasons.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| SCP VD; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Foveal Avascular Zone Area;Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness;SCP PD / DCP PD;Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis (pH, HCO3-);INL Thickness;FAZ Perimeter;GCIPL Thickness;DCP VD;ß-hydroxybutyrate;Central Macular Thickness; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactHaibo Zhang
Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
Outcome results
None listed