Male Infertility
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Participants must meet all of the following criteria: 1. Male patients aged 18–40 years. 2. Diagnosis of non-obstructive azoospermia confirmed by at least two semen analyses. 3. Scheduled to undergo micro-TESE for infertility treatment. 4. Female partner eligible for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). 5. Ability to understand the study procedures and willingness to provide written informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Obstructive azoospermia. 2. Known chromosomal abnormalities incompatible with sperm retrieval. 3. Prior testicular surgery significantly altering anatomy. 4. Inability or refusal to provide consent.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Sperm detection accuracy of telecentric lens imaging system;Sensitivity ;Specificity ;Positive predictive value (PPV) ;Negative predictive value (NPV) ; | — |
Countries
TURKEY
Contacts
Department of Urology School of Medicine, Marmara University