Major Depressive Disorder Comorbid with Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness
Conditions
Interventions
tTIS True Stimulation Group:Transcranial Time-Domain Interference Stimulation (tTIS): Targeting the right amygdala
carrier frequencies of 2000 Hz and 2010 Hz, envelope frequency of 10 Hz
current intensity of 2.0-2.5 mA
single session of 30 minutes, twice daily (>4 hours apart), for 5 consecutive days. Concurrently receiving routine antidepressant medication.
tTIS Sham Stimulation Group (Placebo Group):Sham stimulation: Identical electrode placement and treatment procedure as the true stimulation group, but with no current output. Concurrently receiving ro
Sponsors
First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 55 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Aged 18 to 55 years, male or female. 2. Right-handed. 3. (1) Diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) according to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5-CV), with a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) total score = 17; (2) Concurrently meeting the diagnostic criteria for persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) established by the Bárány Society, with dizziness being one of the current major complaints. 4. No use of pharmacotherapy or physical therapy (e.g., repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation) for the current depressive or anxiety episode within the past 3 months. 5. Able to understand the purpose and procedures of the study, comply with all study requirements, and provide written informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Current or past presence of any psychiatric disorder (other than major depressive disorder), neurological disease, or substance use disorder. 2. History of active, or other prior vestibular/balance disorder that could serve as the primary explanation for the current dizziness within the 3 months prior to enrollment (e.g., vestibular neuritis, sudden sensorineural hearing loss with vertigo, Hunt syndrome, Ménière's disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular migraine, other paroxysmal disorders, bilateral vestibulopathy, etc.). 3. Presence of contraindications to MRI examination or tTIS treatment, such as severe head trauma, prior brain surgery, intracranial or cardiac metallic implants, claustrophobia, etc. 4. Presence of significant suicide risk (score =3 on item 3 of the HAMD-17) or severe unstable medical illness. 5. Currently pregnant or breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant during the study period. 6. Participation in other interventional clinical trials. 7. Any other condition deemed unsuitable by the investigator.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17);Change in Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI); | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA);Change in Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9);Change in Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7);Change in Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire;Change in Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI-S/CGI-I) Scores;Quality of Life Assessment Using SF-36;Change in Trail Making Test A/B (TMT-A/B);Change in Digit Span Test;Change in Stroop Color-Word Test;Change in Visual-Spatial Cognition Questionnaire; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactLiu Sha
First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
Outcome results
None listed