depressive symptom
Conditions
Interventions
table tennis group:The table tennis exercise protocol consisted of three standardized phases: a warm-up phase (5 minutes) requiring participants to perform low-intensity dynamic stretching and basic f
a main exercise phase (20 minutes) employing the "left-push-right-attack" technical paradigm, with balls delivered by a ball machine according to preset parameters (frequency of 60±1 balls/minute, rot
and a cool-down phase (5 minutes) involving slow walking and static stretching to facilitate heart rate recovery and muscle relaxation.
treadmill group:The treadmill exercise protocol followed the same three-phase structure: a warm-up phase (5 minutes) beginning with slow walking and gradually increasing speed to the lower limit of th
a main exercise phase (20 minutes) maintaining constant-speed running, with intensity precisely controlled within 64%-76% HRmax through real-time heart rate monitoring
and a cool-down phase (5 minutes) involving gradual deceleration to slow walking, combined with lower limb static stretching to complete the recovery process.
Sponsors
Shanghai university of sport
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 22 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Participants were aged between 18 and 22 years, were right-handed; had no significant organic diseases, psychiatric history, or chronic illnesses, and presented no contraindications to exercise; had normal or corrected-to-normal vision with no color blindness or deficiency;and had no history of psychotropic medication use.Inclusion in the depressive symptoms group required a Beck Depression Inventory score greater than 13, and all participants voluntarily provided written informed consent prior to participation.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Individuals with athlete status or those majoring in physical education were excluded; those experiencing physical discomfort or recent sports injuries that prevented normal participation in physical exercise were excluded; and individuals currently enrolled in other systematic intervention studies within the past three months, as well as those scheduled to undergo surgical treatment within the next six months, were excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II);Depression Adjective Check List;Resting-state electroencephalography recording; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactQingwen Zhang
Shanghai university of sport
Outcome results
None listed