Male infertility
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Male patients aged 20–40 years; 2. History of primary infertility for more than one year despite regular unprotected intercourse; 3. Diagnosis of idiopathic infertility after clinical evaluation; 4. Normal semen parameters according to WHO manual 6th edition; 5. Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Known endocrine or systemic disease; 2. History of cryptorchidism, varicocele, testicular hypotrophy, or genital tract infection; 3. Obstructive azoospermia or presence of antisperm antibodies; 4. Previous use of hormonal therapy or antioxidant supplements; 5. Female factor infertility in the partner.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in serum testosterone level; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in serum luteinizing hormone level;Change in sperm concentration;Change in sperm motility;Change in sperm morphology; | — |
Countries
Pakistan
Contacts
Institute of Kidney Diseases, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Phase 4, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan