Ureteral calculi
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1) Assessed by the Department of Urology as requiring ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URL) treatment; 2) Age between 18 and 65 years, regardless of gender; 3) American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification of I to III; 4) Body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 and 28 kg/m^2; 5) Absence of severe dysfunction in vital organs such as the heart, liver, or kidneys, and no history of anesthesia drug allergy; 6) Signed written informed consent form, with full understanding of the study-related information.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1) Severe cardiovascular diseases (e.g., uncontrolled hypertension, severe arrhythmia); 2) Hepatic or renal insufficiency; 3) Coagulation disorders; 4) History of psychiatric disorders or inability to cooperate with pain assessment; 5) Pregnancy or lactation; 6) Inability to complete study follow-up or data collection due to other reasons.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Intraoperative Blood Pressure;Intraoperative Hemodynamics;Injection Pain; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Zhongshan Torch Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone People's Hospital