Parkinsonism
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria according to the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS) diagnostic standards for Parkinson's disease (PD) include: 1. bradykinesia; 2. at least one of the following: muscle rigidity, resting tremor, or postural reflex impairment; 3. at least one of the following: unilateral onset, persistent resting tremor, or progressive development; 4. voluntary discontinuation of medications such as selegiline, rasagiline, or safinamide for at least two weeks prior to the study, if applicable. Inclusion criteria according to the MDS diagnostic standards for Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) include: 1. autonomic failure, including post-void residual urine volume >=100 mL, unexplained urinary urgency or incontinence (inability to control urine flow from the bladder, or erectile dysfunction in males), or neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (a drop in blood pressure of >=20/10 mmHg within 3 minutes of standing or during a head-up tilt test); 2. poor response to levodopa (bradykinesia with rigidity, tremor, or postural instability); 3. cerebellar syndrome (gait ataxia with cerebellar dysarthria, limb ataxia, or cerebellar oculomotor dysfunction). Inclusion criteria for the healthy control group include: 1. generally healthy physical condition; 2. age and gender matched with the patient groups.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. alcohol addiction or substance dependence; 2. major psychiatric disorders, including depression, affective disorders, schizophrenia, or drug-induced psychosis; 3. severe neurological diseases, such as cerebrovascular disease, traumatic brain injury, brain tumors, brain metastases from other cancers, severe white matter lesions, cerebral microbleeds, or cerebral amyloid angiopathy; 4. severe systemic diseases, current use of respiratory medications, cardiovascular medications, anticonvulsants, or psychoactive substances; 5. pregnant or lactating women, or individuals planning pregnancy within one month during the trial period; 6. severe hearing or visual impairment; 7. subjects unwilling to sign the informed consent form.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| SUV value; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital