None
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1.Patients undergoing elective transurethral resection of the prostate under general anesthesia. 2.Aged 65 years or older; 3.American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status Grade ? to ?; 4.Written informed consent was obtained from the patients or their legal representatives.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.Patients with cognitive or mental dysfunction that is expected to prevent adherence to the study protocol. 2.Having contraindications to butorphanol tartrate or routine postoperative analgesic drugs. 3.Patients with contraindications to ESPB, such as spinal deformity, coagulopathy, infection at the puncture site, or psychiatric disorders that prevent cooperation. 4.Patients with a history of allergy to local anesthetics or drugs used intraoperatively. 5.Patients with severe renal, hepatic, or cardiovascular diseases.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Perioperative quality of recovery;Delirium within 48 hours postoperatively; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Systemic inflammatory level;Perioperative vital sign parameters;Serum inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-10 [IL-10]/tumor necrosis factor-a [TNF-a]);Drug consumption; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University