Pulmonary diseases: early-stage non-small cell lung cancer, benign lung tumors, pulmonary metastases, pulmonary nodules requiring surgical intervention, bronchiectasis, pulmonary bullae, etc.Pleural and mediastinal diseases: spontaneous pneumothorax, pleural tumors, mediastinal tumors (such as thymoma, neurogenic tumors, etc.).Others: resection of benign esophageal tumors requiring a thoracic appr
Conditions
Interventions
Experimental Group A:0.33% Bupivacaine Liposome
Experimental Group B:0.44% Bupivacaine Liposome
Experimental Group C:0.67% Bupivacaine Liposome
Control Group:0.3% Ropivacaine + 1 µg/kg Dexmedetomidine
Sponsors
Shunde Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1.Patients aged 18 years or older, regardless of gender. 2.Physical status: ASA class I-III.?; 3.Type of surgery:? The patient is scheduled for elective thoracoscopic surgery. 4.Negative for any history of drug abuse and psychiatric disorders. 5.The patient is capable of understanding and cooperating with postoperative pain assessment and relevant follow-up procedures. 6.The patient or their legal guardian is willing to sign the informed consent form and voluntarily participate in this study.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.Coagulation disorders, such as an International Normalized Ratio (INR) >1.5 or an activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) exceeding 1.5 times the upper limit of normal; abnormal white blood cell count, such as 12×10^9/L; platelet count <80×10^9/L. 2.Allergy/Hypersensitivity to the investigational drug (liposomal bupivacaine) or any of its excipients. 3.Neuromuscular disorders, such as myasthenia gravis or Parkinson's disease, that may compromise the efficacy or safety assessment of the nerve block. 4.Local infection at the puncture site or uncontrolled systemic infection. 5.Pregnant or lactating women. 6.The presence of severe psychiatric disorders or cognitive impairment that precludes cooperation with postoperative follow-up and pain assessment. 7.History of analgesic dependence; preexisting chronic pain or neurological disorders; use of medications affecting neuromuscular transmission. 8.History of surgery or anesthesia within 3 months prior to the current operation that may interfere with the efficacy of the nerve block. 9.Severe anemia (hemoglobin < 80 g/L) or other hematologic disorders that may increase the risk of bleeding or infection.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at rest and during movement/exercise.; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Postoperative cumulative opioid consumption;Time to first postoperative analgesic administration (when VAS score was =4 or upon patient request for pain relief); | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactSun Hao
Shunde Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University
Outcome results
None listed