None
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age range: 0 days to 18 years old (subject to ID card or birth certificate); 2. Ethnicity: Chinese children; 3. Normal clinical evaluation: no cyanosis, clubbing fingers/toes were found in physical examination; No pathological heart murmur was detected by auscultation. Blood pressure was within the normal range of people of the same age, sex and height. 4. Ecg was normal: sinus rhythm, no conduction block or ectopic rhythm; 5. Normal echocardiography: the "seven-step method" of echocardiography confirmed that the heart segment analysis was normal, the heart structure and large vessel connection were normal, and the ventricular wall motion was normal. 6. Informed consent: The legal guardians of the children knew the purpose of this study, voluntarily participated and signed the informed consent form.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.History of acquired heart disease: Individuals with a history of Kawasaki disease, rheumatic heart disease, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, infective endocarditis, or other similar conditions; 2.Systemic diseases affecting the heart: Patients with diseases that may affect cardiac morphology or function, such as severe anemia, hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism, hypertension, renal diseases, or connective tissue diseases; 3.Genetic and chromosomal abnormalities: Those diagnosed with Down syndrome, Marfan syndrome, or other known syndromes associated with cardiovascular abnormalities; 4.Thoracic deformities: Presence of pectus excavatum, pectus carinatum, or severe scoliosis that significantly impairs the acoustic window for ultrasound scanning; 5.Suboptimal image quality: Cases where clear standard views of the Seven-Step Approach or distinct measurement landmarks cannot be obtained due to poor acoustic window conditions caused by infant crying/agitation, extreme obesity, or other factors.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Error;Goodness of fit, R2; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Children's Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine