Diabetic macular edema
Conditions
Interventions
Observation group:None
Sponsors
Shanghai General Hospital
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 90 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1.Participants were aged =18 years. 2.Participants had a confirmed diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and met the diagnostic criteria for diabetic macular edema (DME). 3.Participants received intravitreal anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy using a 3-loading-dose plus pro re nata (3+PRN) regimen. 4.Participants completed 12 months of follow-up with key clinical data and OCT images available at baseline and throughout follow-up.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.Patients with a clinical diagnosis of retinal neovascularization or neovascular glaucoma were excluded. 2.Patients with other fundus disorders that could cause macular edema or alter macular structure—such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), uveitis, epiretinal membrane, or vitreomacular traction syndrome—were excluded; patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy requiring surgical intervention (e.g., vitreous hemorrhage or tractional retinal detachment) were also excluded. 3.Patients with severe systemic or anterior segment conditions affecting vision or OCT image quality—such as uncontrolled hypertension, nephrotic syndrome–related macular edema, advanced cataract, corneal opacity, dense vitreous opacity, or any other factor that could interfere with OCT imaging—were excluded. 4.Pregnant or breastfeeding women were excluded. 5.Patients with psychiatric disorders were excluded. 6.Patients with any contraindication that would preclude clinical evaluation or treatment were excluded. 7.Patients currently participating in other clinical trials were excluded. 8.Patients deemed unsuitable for study inclusion at the investigator’s discretion were excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Central subfield thickness (CST); | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Subretinal fluid;Ellipsoid zone disruption; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactKun Liu
Shanghai General Hospital
Outcome results
None listed