hypotension with spinal anesthesia after cesarean section
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age 18-45 years old. 2. ASA classification II-III. 3. Single, full-term pregnancy (>=37 weeks). 4. elective caesarean section under combined lumbar and rigid anaesthesia. 5. Voluntary participation and signed written informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Absolute or relative contraindications to intrathecal anaesthesia (e.g. coagulation disorders, puncture site infection, severe spinal deformity, increased intracranial pressure). 2. hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia. 3. Known severe cardiovascular or respiratory diseases (e.g. cardiac function class III-IV, severe arrhythmia, moderate or higher pulmonary hypertension, poorly controlled asthma). 4. Preoperative uncontrolled hypertension (SBP > 160 mmHg) or hypotension (SBP < 90 mmHg). 5. Long-term use of medications that may affect heart rate and vascular tone (e.g., beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers). 6. Emergency surgery, multiple pregnancies, suspected macrosomia or placental abnormalities. 7. Other conditions that, in the judgement of the investigator, make participation in this study inappropriate.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Perfusion Index;Heart Rate;Hypotension; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Xizang Hospital of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University & Xizang Autonomous Region Women’s and Children’s Hospital