Rebound Pain
Conditions
Interventions
S group:Nerve block medications: 0.5 mg/kg esketamine + 0.35% ropivacaine, total volume 20 mL
L group:Nerve block medication: 0.35% ropivacaine 20 mL
Sponsors
Wusheng County People's Hospital
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
75 Years to No maximum
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age >= 75 years, any gender; 2. Patients scheduled for elective upper limb orthopedic surgery; 3. ASA classification I-III; 4. Voluntarily sign the informed consent form.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Patients with coagulation disorders or systemic/local infections; 2. Patients with a history of neurological, psychological, or neuromuscular diseases; 3. Patients who require long-term use of analgesics due to chronic pain; 4. Patients undergoing bilateral upper limb surgery; 5. Patients with multiple injuries requiring other surgeries or alternative analgesics; 6. Patients with preoperative nerve damage; 7. Patients allergic to the study drug; 8. Patients with poorly controlled hypertension; 9. Patients with uncontrolled hyperthyroidism; 10. Patients with diabetes complicated by peripheral neuropathy; 11. Patients with poor treatment compliance; 12. Patients with poor language ability who cannot be assessed using the corresponding scales; 13. Patients or their relatives who refuse to sign the informed consent form; 14. Patients who refuse to use PCIA postoperatively; 15. Patients expected to be admitted to the ICU postoperatively.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Rebound pain intensity at different time points;anxiety and depression scores; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Vital signs data at different time points;Intraoperative consumption of vasoactive drugs; Consumption of anesthetic and analgesic drugs during the intraoperative and patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) periods;MMSE score preoperatively;3D-CAM scores from postoperative day 1 to day 7;Nausea, vomiting and other adverse effects;Length of hospital stay; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactHe Xiang
Wusheng County People's Hospital, Guang'an City, Sichuan Province
Outcome results
None listed