Falls
Conditions
Interventions
Experimental group:Receive the training of balancing in Tai Chi soft ball throwing and catching combined with regular health education
Control group:Only received routine health education and did not participate in any structured exercise training. Maintained their original lifestyle throughout the study period.
Sponsors
School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
60 Years to No maximum
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: The participants must meet the following conditions simultaneously: 1. Age >= 60 years old, and have resided in the community for at least 6 months. 2. Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes by a physician from a secondary or higher-level medical institution in the endocrinology or neurology department. 3. Confirmed by a clinical physician that there is a decline in balance, unsteady gait or lower limb sensory impairment related to diabetes. 4. Able to walk independently for at least 10 meters without the use of assistive devices. 5. No diagnosed dementia. 6. Have not regularly participated in Tai Chi, ball throwing and balancing training or similar sports activities within the past 6 months (<= 1 time per week). 7. Suitable for participating in low to moderate-intensity exercises as assessed by medical evaluation. 8. Voluntary to participate in the study and sign a written informed consent form.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Those who meet any of the following conditions will be excluded: 1. Unstable cardiovascular diseases or severe arrhythmias 2. Progressive neurological disorders (such as Parkinson's disease, severe sequelae after a major stroke) 3. Severe diabetic foot (grade = 3) or active foot ulcers 4. Serious musculoskeletal injuries or fractures within the last 6 months 5. Severe visual or hearing impairments that affect balance control 6. Long-term use of drugs that significantly affect balance or cognitive function 7. Unable to complete at least 80% of the training courses 8. Unable or unwilling to cooperate with the research process
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Dual-Task Timed Up and Go Test (DT-TUG);4-Meter Gait Speed Test;Berg Balance Scale (BBS);Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB); | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Falls Efficacy Scale–International (FES-I); | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactEnjing Li
School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University
Outcome results
None listed