None
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age >= 65 years; 2. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I–III; 3. Scheduled to undergo spinal anesthesia or combined spinal–epidural anesthesia; 4. Provision of written informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Severe spinal deformity or a history of spinal surgery; 2. Infection at the puncture site or coagulation disorders; 3. Inability to cooperate with proper positioning; 4. Extremely poor ultrasound image quality that precludes identification of the posterior complex.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| sensitivity;specificity;AUC;Difficult neuraxial anesthesia puncture; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Posterior Complex Length, PCL;Posterior Complex Depth, PCD;PCL/PCD; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Liangxiang Hospital, Fangshan , Beijing