Postoperative Delirium
Conditions
Interventions
Phenylephrine group:During surgery, a continuous infusion of phenylephrine at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL was administered intravenously. The infusion was initiated at the start of anesthesia inducti
Ephedrine group:During surgery, a continuous infusion of ephedrine at a concentration of 2 mg/mL was administered intravenously. The infusion was initiated at the start of anesthesia induction and adj
Sponsors
The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
65 Years to 100 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age >= 65 years; 2. Elective surgery under general anesthesia, excluding cardiac and neurosurgical procedures; 3. Major surgery with an anticipated duration > 2 hours; 4. ASA physical status classification I–III.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Use of other vasoactive drugs during surgery (e.g., norepinephrine, dopamine, epinephrine); 2. History of stroke, Parkinson’s disease, or epilepsy; 3. Language impairment or significant hearing or visual deficits preventing communication; 4. Depression, generalized anxiety disorder, or schizophrenia; 5. Severe cardiovascular disease, with NYHA class >= III cardiac function; 6. Severe hepatic dysfunction, Child-Pugh class C; 7. Severe renal insufficiency requiring preoperative renal replacement therapy; 8. Alcohol abuse, psychological disorders, or non-compliant patients; 9. Participation in other clinical trials.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The incidence of POD from postoperative day 1 to day 7; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Severity of POD;Postoperative pain scores ;Number of patients admitted to the ICU and ICU length of stay;Postoperative hospital length of stay;Postoperative in-hospital adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, such as myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, heart failure, and cerebral infarction.;All-cause mortality within 30 days postoperatively; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactWang Yulan
The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
Outcome results
None listed