None
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Aged between 18 and 65 years inclusive, with no gender restrictions. 2. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification of Class I or II. 3. Scheduled for elective low-to-moderate risk surgery (e.g., thyroid/breast surgery, inguinal hernia repair, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, knee arthroscopy). 4. Estimated surgical duration between 2 and 4 hours. 5. Patients understand the study protocol, participate voluntarily, and sign a written informed consent form.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Severe cardiovascular disease, including but not limited to unstable angina pectoris, New York Heart Association functional class III-IV, or significant arrhythmias (e.g., high-degree atrioventricular block, symptomatic bradycardia). 2. Severe chronic kidney disease (stage >= 4, or estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min/1.73m²). 3. Known arterial or venous vascular disease, severe peripheral arterial disease, or lymphoedema in the upper limb on the side where the blood pressure cuff is applied. 4. Pre-existing haemodynamic instability (e.g., shock, severe hypotension requiring vasoactive medication). 5. Presence of psychiatric disorders, cognitive impairment, or any condition precluding effective communication or compliance with study follow-up. 6. Other conditions deemed by the investigator to render the subject unsuitable for participation in this study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Incidence of intraoperative hypotension; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Area Under the Hypotension Curve (AUCH);Cumulative Duration of Intraoperative Hypotension;Use of Vasoactive Agents;Incidence of Postoperative Upper Limb Adverse Symptoms;30-Day Postoperative MACE Composite Endpoint Incidence; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China