End-stage renal disease (ESRD) on maintenance hemodialysis
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention group:Combined stress ball exercise and lavender oil inhalation. Patients will squeeze a 5 cm anti-stress ball with the non-fistula hand starting 5 minutes before AVF cannulation and cont
Control group:Routine care during AVF cannulation without stress ball use or lavender oil inhalation. No additional intervention will be provided.
Sponsors
College of Nursing, University of Baghdad
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. The subject must be 18 years of age or older. 2. Be receiving regular and continuous hemodialysis sessions via a valid vascular access (fistula) at least three months 3. Be able to understand the study details, provide informed consent, and accurately report their own pain or anxiety levels. 4. Have sufficient physical ability to use a stress ball in the hand or limb opposite their vascular access site. 5. Have no known allergies to lavender oil or its carrier ingredient. They must also be free of any active respiratory conditions that could be affected by inhaling the scent.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Have a history of allergic reactions to lavender oil or any components of the preparation used in this study. 2. Have an active infection or severe complication at the vascular access site, or any other unstable medical condition that could place the participant at increased risk. 3. Taking painkillers, sedatives, or anti-anxiety medications during three-hour prior HD 4. Severe cognitive impairment, severe psychiatric disorder, or language impairment that impedes informed consent or reliable self-reporting. 5. Physical inability to use a stress ball (such as amputation or paralysis), or any other condition that the study administrators deem a contraindication to participation.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain during AV cannulation;Anxiety level during AV cannulation; | — |
Countries
Iraq
Contacts
Public ContactHakemia Shaker Hasen
University of Baghdad, College of Nursing
Outcome results
None listed