Heart failure
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Inclusion criteria for heart failure patients (1) Meet current international guidelines (e.g., ESC/ACC) diagnostic criteria for chronic heart failure; (2) Left ventricular ejection fraction = 18 years; (4) Voluntary participation in the study and provision of informed consent. 2. Inclusion criteria for healthy individuals (1) BMI within the normal range of 18.5–23.9; (2) No history of metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, or severe systemic illnesses; (3) Age >= 18 years; (4) Willingness to participate in the study and provision of informed consent; (5) No use of antibiotics or probiotic supplements within the past month.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Presence of other primary etiologies leading to cardiac dysfunction with distinctly different prognoses, such as severe valvular heart disease, hypertrophic/restrictive cardiomyopathy, acute myocarditis, pericardial disease, or complex congenital heart disease; 2. Use of antibiotics or undergoing fecal microbiota transplantation within the past one month; 3. Use of probiotic supplements within the past one month; 4. Severe systemic diseases, including but not limited to advanced malignancy, active infection, or end-stage hepatic/renal insufficiency; 5. Pregnancy or lactation.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Metabolomics;Metagenomics; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital