None
Conditions
Interventions
Observation Group:None
Sponsors
Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Age
20 Years to 35 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1.Lactation stage falls within colostrum (24-72 hours postpartum), transitional milk (6-14 days postpartum), or mature milk (15-30 days postpartum). 2.Absence of comorbidities such as gestational diabetes mellitus or hypertension. 3.Plans to exclusively breastfeed for >= 6 months postpartum. 4.Age between 20 and 35 years. 5.Provides signed informed consent and commits to full cooperation throughout the sample collection process.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.Mastitis, severe nipple fissures, or any contraindications to breastfeeding. 2.History of smoking, alcohol abuse, or long-term drug dependence. 3.Infant has congenital metabolic diseases or feeding difficulties. 4.Use of antibiotics or immunomodulatory drugs during the study period.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Milk Fat Globule Membrane (MFGM) Protein Composition;Lipid Composition (including Phospholipids, Sphingolipids, Triacylglycerides, etc.); | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Lipolysis Efficiency of MFGM and Release Pattern of Bioactive Peptides;Concentration of Volatile Flavor Compounds (e.g., Hexanal, Nonanal, 2-Nonanone) and their Correlation with Lipid/MFGM Components; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactTang jiayan
Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University
Outcome results
None listed