Pregnancy
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age >= 18 years; 2. ASA physical status classification I-III; 3. Singleton pregnancy undergoing elective cesarean section; 4. Signed informed consent form.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Refusal to participate in this study. 2. Presence of urgent cesarean section indications. 3. Known severe cardiac structural or functional abnormalities (e.g., severe valvular disease, EF<=50%). 4. Severe thoracic deformity or skin injury affecting TTE examination. 5. Presence of psychiatric or cognitive impairment preventing cooperation.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Cardiac output;Cardiac index;Stroke volume;Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Incidence of Intraoperative Hypotension;Collapse rate of the inferior vena cava; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Peking University Third Hospital