respiratory infections
Conditions
Interventions
Control group:Oral placebo
Sponsors
Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
No minimum to 6 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: (1) Healthy children; (2) Currently either exclusively formula-fed or not consuming formula milk; (3) Aged 0–6 years (divided into two groups: 0–3 years and 4–6 years); (4) Have experienced at least one episode of upper respiratory tract infection within the past year
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: (1) Currently breastfed or mixed-fed infants; (2) Exclusively formula-fed infants consuming formula with high lactoferrin or high *Bifidobacterium bifidum* (BB12) content; (3) Children who have been continuously consuming probiotic or lactoferrin-related products; (4) Children with severe infections or a history of surgical procedures; (5) Personal or family history of milk allergy or lactose intolerance.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The number of episodes with upper respiratory tract infection–related symptoms, such as cough, fever, or nasal discharge.; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Changes in salivary immune factors (IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-a, and CRP).;Clinical symptoms: severity and duration of the common cold, and occurrence of symptoms such as cough, fever, and nasal discharge.;Gut health: incidence and severity of gastrointestinal discomfort symptoms, and changes in gut microbiota composition.; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactZhang Jiahui
Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital
Outcome results
None listed