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Effect of Topical NSAIDs (Diclofenac 0.1%, Nepafenac 0.1%, Nepafenac 0.3%) on Pain Management During Intravitreal Injections: A Prospective, Non-Randomized, Case-Control Trial

Effect of Topical NSAIDs on Pain Management During Intravitreal Injections - NSAID-IVI Pain Study

Status
Active, not recruiting
Phases
Unknown
Study type
Interventional
Source
ChiCTR
Registry ID
ChiCTR2500110461
Enrollment
Unknown
Registered
2025-10-14
Start date
2025-10-31
Completion date
Unknown
Last updated
2026-03-09

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Pain associated with Intravitreal Injections

Interventions

Group 1:No intervention (Control)
Group 2:Topical Diclofenac 0.1% 20-30 minutes prior to intervention
Group 3:Topical Nepafenac 0.1% 20-30 minutes prior to intervention
Group 4:Topical Nepafenac 0.3% 20-30 minutes prior to intervention

Sponsors

Fauji Foundation Hospital
Lead Sponsor

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to No maximum

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: 1. Age 18 years or older; 2. Scheduled to receive a monocular intravitreal injection of an anti-VEGF agent; 3. Able to understand, consent, and use the Visual Analog Scale for pain reporting.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: 1. Known hypersensitivity or allergy to proparacaine, diclofenac, nepafenac, or any other NSAID; 2. Presence of active or severe ocular surface disease (e.g., keratitis, severe dry eye); 3. History of ocular surgery within the past 3 months; 4. Concurrent use of any systemic or topical NSAIDs for any other medical reason; 5. A diagnosed anxiety disorder, severe needle phobia, or inability to comprehend the study protocol.

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frame
Mean patient-reported pain score;—

Countries

Pakistan

Contacts

Public ContactMuhammad Azeem Khizer

Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan / Foundation University Medical College Islamabad, Pakistan

doc.mazeemk@gmail.com+92 345 5061287

Outcome results

None listed

Source: ChiCTR (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Mar 14, 2026