None
Conditions
Interventions
Digital Mindfulness Training Group:Adopt mainstream mindfulness apps (such as the "Mindfulness Meditation" module of Chaoxi App) combined with online guidance courses. The training content includes 15
Traditional Mindfulness Training Group:Guided offline by professional mindfulness instructors, the group conducts a 90-minute mindfulness course once a week. The course content includes mindfulness me
Control Group:No mindfulness training intervention is conducted. The group only undergoes the same scale measurements before and after the experiment, maintains normal work and life during the period,
Sponsors
Macau Millennium College
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age and Legal Capacity Participants must be at least 18 years old and possess full civil capacity to independently understand study procedures and sign the informed consent form, meeting the basic requirements for psychological research on adult populations. 2. Urban Park Experience Online Experiments (1–2): Participants must have visited an urban park (including wetland parks) at least once in the past month to ensure familiarity with the "urban wetland park" natural scenes focused in the study, aligning with the scenario presets of virtual mindfulness training in the experiments. On-Site Experiment (3): Participants must be physically present in City A’s wetland park at the time of recruitment and have visited a park within the past week to enhance the ecological validity of "immersive environmental interaction" in the on-site experiment (Experiment 3 in the paper is described as an "in-person experiment"). 3. Digital Device Proficiency -Online Experiments (1–2): Proficiency in using smartphones or computers is required to complete online questionnaires and virtual mindfulness training (the digital group intervention in the paper is implemented via an "AI voice-guided mobile application," requiring participants to have basic device operation capabilities). -On-Site Experiment (3): Willingness to use mobile phones provided by the research team to complete digital mindfulness training (the traditional group receives on-site guidance from volunteers), with no additional technical barriers, adapting to the convenience requirements of on-site experiments. 4. Mental Health Status Severe mental illness history is excluded through simple psychological screening (e.g., screening with the K10 scale, total score = 16). Although the paper does not explicitly state clinical exclusion criteria, individuals who may affect the effectiveness of mindfulness training or scale responses are excluded to avoid data validity interference from extreme psychological states. 5. Language and Cultural Background Participants must be native Chinese speakers or fluent in Chinese to ensure they can understand the Chinese versions of the scales and instructions (the paper’s samples are domestic urban park visitors, with Chinese as the core language environment). 6. Experimental Group Allocation Compatibility All participants are assigned to either the digital mindfulness training group or the traditional mindfulness training group through random sampling, adhering to the "random grouping" experimental design principle in the paper.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.Ineligible Age or Legal Capacity Participants under 18 years of age or unable to provide valid identification to demonstrate full civil capacity. 2.Insufficient Urban Park Experience Online Experiments (1–2): Participants who have not visited any urban park (including wetland parks) in the past month. On-Site Experiment (3): Participants not physically present in City A’s wetland park at recruitment or without a park visit within the past week. 3.Digital Device Operational Barriers Online Experiments (1–2): Inability to use smartphones or computers proficiently to complete online questionnaires and virtual mindfulness training (e.g., due to visual/hearing impairments or technical incompetence). On-Site Experiment (3): Refusal to use research-provided smartphones for digital mindfulness training and inability to participate in live-guided traditional group sessions. 4.Mental Health Risks Participants with positive screening for severe mental illness history via brief psychological assessment (e.g., K10 scale total score > 16) or self-reported history (e.g., acute depression/anxiety episodes, schizophrenia). Individuals currently undergoing psychiatric medication or counseling that may interfere with mindfulness training efficacy or psychological scale accuracy. 5.Language Barriers Inability to understand Chinese scales/instructions and inability to complete the study with translation assistance. 6.Non-Compliance with Procedures Refusal to sign the informed consent form. Refusal to complete key tasks (e.g., mindfulness training, questionnaire administration) during the experiment. 7.Failed Attention Checks Participants who fail attention screening tasks (e.g., excessively high error rates on randomly inserted invalid items) during pre-testing or the experiment, potentially compromising data validity.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Sense of Life Meaning;Self - awareness;Emotion Regulation Ability;Perceived Stress; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactYang Xin Xin
Macau Millennium College
Outcome results
None listed