None
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Male engaged in a specific sport, regularly training at least three times per week. 2. In good health with no chronic diseases or other diagnosed medical conditions. 3. Non-smoker; consumes no nutritional supplements, medications, or beverages other than water. 4. No physical activity restrictions or exercise contraindications.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Injury History: Has a record of sports-related injuries within the past 6 months. Physical Activity Level: Insufficient physical activity. Health Status: Has cardiovascular or metabolic diseases. Medication and Supplement Use: Currently taking medications or nutritional supplements.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The concentration of bicarbonate in the blood;Critical power;W prime; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Heart rate; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Beijing Sport University