Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)
Conditions
Interventions
ACB+iPACK group:One hour preoperatively, an anesthesiologist performed ultrasound-guided ACB and iPACK blocks using 266 mg of liposomal bupivacaine diluted in 20 mL of 0.9% normal saline to prepare a
PAI group:Patients underwent the same ultrasound-guided needle insertion procedure as the ACB+iPACK group, with the needle tip advanced to the target anatomical location. A 2-mL test dose of normal sa
Sponsors
The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 79 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Aged 18-79 years; 2. Scheduled for unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA); 3. ASA physical status classification I-III; 4. Body mass index (BMI) ranging from 18 to 35 kg/m².
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Severe valgus deformity or flexion contracture requiring complex knee arthroplasty or revision surgery with operative time >3 hours; 2. Diabetes mellitus; 3. History of psychiatric or neurological disorders that may interfere with pain assessment; 4. Prolonged QT interval; 5. Chronic use of opioids or gabapentinoids; 6. Severe cardiac, hepatic, or renal dysfunction; 7. Coagulation disorders; 8. Infection at the puncture site; 9. History of allergy to liposomal bupivacaine; 10. Epilepsy; 11. Alcohol abuse; 12. Pregnancy.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores at rest and with the knee flexed to 45 degrees postoperatively; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Time to first postoperative rescue analgesia;Cumulative opioid consumption within 72 hours postoperatively;Maximum knee flexion angle on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3 (POD1, POD2, POD3);Time to first ambulation after surgery;Quadriceps muscle strength scores on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3 (POD1, POD2, POD3);Common peroneal nerve (CPN) sensory and motor function assessments on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3 (POD1, POD2, POD3);Tibial nerve sensory and motor function assessments on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3 (POD1, POD2, POD3);Incidence of posterior knee pain;PainOUT questionnaire scores on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3 (POD1, POD2, POD3);Time to first oral intake after surgery;Postoperative hospital stay; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactPeipei Peng
The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
Outcome results
None listed