Amblyopia
Conditions
Interventions
Experiment Group : 1. The intervention consists of a combination of perceptual learning training and conventional occlusion therapy. Patients will wear their prescribed corrective spectacles and occlu
Normal Control Group:None
Sponsors
Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 40 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age between 18 and 40 years (inclusive), with no restrictions on sex; 2. Amblyopic patients must meet the following criteria: best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the amblyopic eye worse than 4.8 (or >0.2 LogMAR); an interocular difference in visual acuity of at least two lines; and BCVA in the fellow (non-amblyopic) eye of 4.9 or better (or =1.5 diopters (D) or cylindrical difference >=1.0 D between the two eyes. Strabismic amblyopia is defined as the presence or history of manifest strabismus. For participants with a history of strabismus surgery, the postoperative period must be >=1 month with a stable deviation angle (<=5 prism diopters of change); 4. Participants must have worn spectacles providing best-corrected vision for at least 4 weeks prior to enrollment, with a stable refractive status (change in spherical equivalent <=0.5 D); 5. Age- and sex-matched adults with normal vision will be recruited as controls. Inclusion criteria for controls are: BCVA of 4.9 or better (<=0.1 LogMAR) in both eyes, interocular refractive error difference <=2.00 D, absence of strabismus, and no history of ocular surgery or trauma; 6. Ability to comply with study procedures and provision of written informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Presence of any ocular diseases that may affect visual function or the efficacy of the intervention, including but not limited to: cataract, glaucoma, retinal disorders (e.g., macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy), corneal pathologies (e.g., corneal opacity, keratoconus), optic nerve diseases (e.g., optic atrophy, optic neuritis), severe ocular trauma, or history of ocular surgery (excluding prior strabismus correction); 2. Severe or unstable strabismus, defined as persistent manifest strabismus of >=20 prism diopters (?) or ocular alignment fluctuation >5? within a short period (0.2 LogMAR and interocular difference <2 lines); 4. Presence of progressive or irregular nystagmus that precludes stable fixation; 5. History of previous vision therapy or intervention, including perceptual learning, video game therapy, dichoptic training, or reading-based training within the past 3 months. 6. Concurrent participation in other clinical trials or vision-related intervention programs; 7. Cognitive or behavioral impairments that may compromise training compliance or assessment accuracy, such as intellectual disability, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), major depressive disorder, or other psychiatric/neurological disorders; or hearing/language impairments that hinder reading-based training or subjective visual assessments; 8. Presence of severe systemic diseases or special physiological conditions, including but not limited to: severe cardiovascular disease, uncontrolled diabetes, epilepsy or other neurological disorders; or pregnancy/lactation (due to safety concerns and potential hormonal influences on neuroplasticity); 9. Risk factors affecting adherence to the study protocol, such as inability to attend regular follow-up visits (e.g., due to work/life conflicts).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Best corrected visual acuity at far distance in amblyopic eyes; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Contrast sensitivity;stereo vision;best corrected visual acuity at near distance;P-VEP results;oveal structure of retina;A&SQ questionnaire score;reading behavior; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactMeiping Xu
Eye Hospital of Wen Medical University
Outcome results
None listed