None
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1.Patients with communication skills and language skills can complete the questionnaire by themselves or with the help of family members. 2.The patients were the patients with one-time successful venipuncture. The puncturing sites of the patients were all selected at the elbow, and the veins were full and elastic. 3.Patients gave informed consent and volunteered to participate.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. The patient has severe cognitive impairment or mental disorder and cannot communicate; 2. Patients with poor vascular condition.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain intensity of venipuncture; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University