Cardiovascular diseases
Conditions
Interventions
Control group (non-esketamine group):None
Sponsors
Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
1 Years to 80 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: (1) Age: The study subjects should be adult patients aged between 1 year and 80 years. Patients within this age range typically face more complex cardiovascular issues and are the main group for cardiovascular surgeries. (2). Surgical type criteria: Only patients who underwent the following surgeries were included: A. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) B. Heart Valve Replacement or Repair C. Congenital Heart Disease Correction D. Major Vascular Surgery (such as Aortic Valve Replacement, etc.) These surgeries all involve the use of anesthesia, and their surgical types are closely related to the efficacy of anesthetic drugs, which is in line with the purpose of the study. (3). Anesthesia method criteria: The patients received general anesthesia during the surgery, and perioperative use included esketamine (exposure group) or conventional anesthetic drugs (control group). (4). Data availability criteria: Complete clinical data, including underlying diseases, surgical information, anesthetic drug usage, and postoperative outcomes, must be extractable from the hospital's electronic medical record system (EMR).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: (1). Emergency surgery patients: Exclude those who undergo surgery due to emergency reasons. Emergency surgery patients usually have a higher risk of postoperative complications and may differ significantly from patients undergoing routine elective surgeries. The anesthesia management and postoperative recovery of emergency surgery patients are different from those of elective surgery patients, so they are not included in this study. (2). Liver dysfunction (Child-Pugh score C level or above): Exclude patients with severe liver dysfunction because the impaired liver's ability to metabolize drugs may affect the metabolism process of anesthetic drugs (such as esketamine), thereby affecting the drug effect. (3). Renal dysfunction (serum creatinine > 2.5 mg/dL or with a history of dialysis): Renal dysfunction patients may have their drug metabolism and excretion ability affected, resulting in abnormal drug concentrations and interfering with the effect of anesthetic drugs. (4). Pregnant or lactating women: Exclude all pregnant or lactating female patients because the potential effects of drugs on the fetus or infant are not clear, and the management of anesthesia drugs in pregnant and lactating women has special requirements. (5). Cancer patients (unless it is a cured case with no recurrence for a long time): Exclude patients currently undergoing treatment for cancer. Cancer patients often have multiple comorbidities and have different postoperative recovery situations from other patients, and the use of anesthetic drugs may be affected by special influences, increasing the risk of postoperative complications. (6). Patients with severe mental disorders before surgery: Exclude patients with severe mental disorders (such as schizophrenia, severe depression, etc.). These patients require additional anesthesia management, and mental disorders may be related to postoperative recovery, thus potentially leading to biased research results. (7). Patients with a history of drug allergy or intolerance: Exclude patients with a severe allergy or intolerance to anesthetic drugs (especially esketamine). These patients may have atypical postoperative recovery due to drug intolerance or allergic reactions, thereby affecting the generalizability of the research results. (8). Patients unable to complete subsequent follow-up: Exclude patients who cannot complete follow-up on time after surgery. This includes cases where patients are untraceable or referred to other hospitals, resulting in incomplete postoperative data. (9). Other special circumstances that may cause study bias: Exclude all other patients that may interfere with the analysis of study outcomes. For example, patients encountering severe complications during surgery (such as massive bleeding, cardiac arrest, etc.), these patients may require special treatment, and their postoperative outcomes may be significantly different from those of regular patients.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Dose of esketamine; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Timing of administration;Mean arterial pressure;Heart rate;30-day mortality; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactYugang Diao
The General Hospital of the Northern Theater Command of the People's Liberation Army
Outcome results
None listed