Orthodontic Malocclusion
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Patients coming for fixed orthodontic treatment requiring premolar extraction in mandibular arch; 2. Age 12-18 years; 3. No adjunct therapeutic intervention involving functional or orthopaedic appliances; 4. Little’s Irregularity index score of 7-9mm.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Patients with systemic conditions and taking medications affecting tooth movement; 2. Lower anterior teeth that are missing, impacted or unerupted, or have fractured crown, restorations, Enamel Defects, Caries; 3. Poor periodontal health .
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Alignment efficency; | — |
Countries
Pakistan
Contacts
Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar, Pakistan